OPs cause bad trips?
نویسنده
چکیده
Do leaks of hydraulic fluids and jet engine lubricating oils cause potentially toxic fumes to be released into the cabins of commercial airliners? If so, do those fumes cause acute and chronic health problems such as headache, nausea, fatigue, memory loss, and neuromuscular damage in airline crew members and passengers? Those simple questions are at the heart of a brewing controversy. Advocacy groups and trade unions representing pilots and flight attendants have collected hundreds of anecdotal reports from over the past 20 years that they claim show a long-term pattern of incidents involving smoke or foul-smelling fumes being released into airliner cabins, resulting in acute and chronic symptoms among the people exposed. The scenario that they and some scientists who have examined the issue have set forth is that these fumes may contain organophosphates or carbon monoxide. Organophosphates are present in some hydraulic fluids and engine oils. It is suspected that in many cases the fumes are caused by leaks of hydraulic fluid or jet engine oil from faulty lines or seals into super-heated engine parts. There, the fluids are vaporized into gases and pass into the passenger cabin air supply. Carbon monoxide is produced when oils are chemically altered through heating. Many people who have gotten sick in these incidents report neurotoxic symptoms that appear to be consistent with organo-phosphate or carbon monoxide exposure. Several crew members claim to have become temporarily or permanently disabled as a direct result of their exposure to toxic fumes. In one noteworthy case, 26 flight attendants employed by Alaska Airlines sued that carrier , claiming that noxious fumes in aircraft cabins had made them sick. In settling the case in January 2001, the flight attendants signed a statement acknowledging that the company had not intentionally caused them harm. But related litigation continues against Boeing, the manufacturer of the airplanes in the Alaska Airlines case, and Honeywell, the maker of an engine component suspected to be central to the problem. Christiaan van Netten, head of the Division of Occupational and Environmental Health at Canada's University of British Columbia, who is analyzing leakage incidence data, says leakage occurs in about 1 out of 1,000 flights and is usually traceable to equipment failure. He adds that incidence depends largely on the type of aircraft and the maintenance habits of the airline. Experts largely agree there is a lack of well-collected, objective exposure and health effects data. …
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ورودعنوان ژورنال:
- Environmental Health Perspectives
دوره 109 شماره
صفحات -
تاریخ انتشار 2001